The condition is diagnosed by examination and measurement of limbs, review of patient medical history, and also with the help of a test called lymphoscintigraphy, which involves the injection of radioactive dye into the affected limb. After injection, doctors are able to monitor the progress of the dye with special imaging equipment and identify the obstruction or areas of abnormal lymphatic fluid flow.For those who are classified as at-risk for developing lymphedema, prevention is possible.
Meticulous hygiene and regular cleansing of the area where the condition is likely to develop is recommended, as well. This includes protecting parts of the body that may be exposed to dirt, germs, and irritating substances – such as detergent in wet laundry or food, bacteria and soap on dishes.
Other preventative measures include gentle drying of the skin, wearing clean clothes, avoiding cuts, scrapes and bruises on the affected limb and moisturizing the skin regularly with a dye-, alcohol-, lanolin-, mineral oil, and fragrance-free lotion (most doctors can recommend a lotion that is safe and effective for this purpose). Also, it is important for patients to avoid extreme temperatures or changes in temperature, especially if they involve moisture or water: hot tubs, steam baths, saunas, and long soaks in the bathtub at home, as well as swimming in frigid water, can all increase the likelihood of onset.
Compression bandages can prevent the pooling and buildup of lymphatic fluid in at-risk areas. If lymphedema does develop, compression bandages may still be helpful, and it is very important to keep up on hygiene in the affected area(s). Some doctors may recommend specialized massage techniques that help fluid circulate more normally. In the case of extreme fluid build-up, daily pumping or drainage may be necessary.
